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3.2.3 Hydropower

Overview

Hydropower has a long history in Europe and currently generates around 10 % of the European net electricity (Eurostat, 2019) and more than one third of renewable electricity in EU (in 2015, based on Eurelectric & VGB Powertech (2018)). Norway and Switzerland are also countries with especially high importance of hydropower. At the same time, the construction and operation of hydropower plants causes major impacts on water bodies and adjacent wetlands, such as changes in the flow regime and sediment transport, loss of key habitats and river fragmentation.