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Technical methods, management systems and practices should be incorporated into more formal “Codes of Practice” adopted voluntarily across the whole aquaculture industry (Phillips et al. 2001). Codes of “best management practices” should contain (Phillips et al., 2001):

• Decreased use of fertilizers, antibiotics and chemicals, their replacement with non- or less harmful substances, or the introduction of new physical biofouling management techniques to reduce the impact of nutrients and chemical discharges (Science for Environment Policy, 2015).
• Implementation of zonal or area management plans, as part of river basin management plans, to reduce the overall disease and parasites burden on sites (Science for Environment Policy, 2015).
• Transport of fish as fertilized eggs (not as living animals), to reduce the spread of diseases from introduced aquaculture species (Peeler et al., 2011).
• Sterilization of farmed species to control the impact of escapees and alien species (Science for Environment Policy, 2015).
• Treatment of wastewater from closed systems (tanks, ponds), i.e. with techniques comparable to urban and animal farming waste treatment.