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2.3.        Policy developments at the global level

To tackle water scarcity and drought, the international community has recognized the need for an integrated approach between water, energy, food and ecosystems (EC, 2019i).  The approval of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (UN, 2015b) invigorated the discussion on systemic change that permeates recent EU policy, highlighting the importance of collaboration and policy integration and coherence. The own nature of the SDGs is crosscutting and calls for joint implementation. As to their coverage of water stress issues, SDG 6.4 highlights the need to increase water use efficiency across all sectors and decoupling economic growth and water use and SDG 6.5 promotes integrated water management. Key sectors include agriculture, energy, industry and public water supply. This makes the WEFE (Water, Energy, Food, Ecosystem) Nexus approach suitable for the pursuit of the SDGs. WEFE Nexus assessments and projects are gaining traction around the world, and the underlying principles of the approach can also be identified in the most recent EU policy developments. The collective experience gathered by these projects could become instrumental in resolving known issues regarding the differentiation between concepts (e.g. water abstractions and water use) and the inclusion of environmental flows in the development and reporting of the indicator group on SDG 6.

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