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3.4.        Impacts of climate change on habitats and species

The latest State of Nature report in Europe (EEA, 2020g, 2020f) shows that 5.4 % of the habitats and 4.6 % of species are currently affected by climate change as a pressure. Furthermore, from all cases related to climate change, almost half are associated with droughts and decreases in precipitation. The highest pressures from decreases in precipitation are observed in habitats, such as bogs, mires and fens. Coastal habitats, and especially those in the Atlantic and the Boreal region, are mostly challenged by sea level rise and wave exposure. In addition, the most affected species are the amphibians, which are very sensitive to shifts of both temperature and precipitation. Other species that are also affected include molluscs, specific mammals, as well as birds associated with reedbeds and reedy ponds.