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6.3.        Towards water-energy-land-food-ecosystems nexus management

Societies around the world have always been aware that water, energy, land and food resources show interdependencies, while they also interact with natural ecosystems. Policy and research have addressed this idea already since late 1940s and 1960s (Wichelns, 2017). The Dublin International Conference on Water and the Environment and the Rio UN Summit on Environment and Development, which were held in 1992, contributed to the development of the principles that characterize the Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) paradigm. The Global Water Partnership initiative summarized IWRM with the following definition in 2000 (Global Water Partnership, 2000): “A process which promotes the coordinated development and management of water, land and related resources, in order to maximize the resultant economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystems.”