The added value of Ecosystem Service (ESS) approaches
Looking at water stress from an Ecosystem Services perspective brings a strong focus on combinations of economic benefits for water-using sectors with environmental and social values. This broadened scope is required to solve the problems that were caused by more traditional practices. As IPBES states (IPBES, 2019): ‘Economic incentives have generally favoured expanding economic activity, and often environmental harm, over conservation or restoration. Incorporating the consideration of the multiple values of ecosystem functions and of nature’s contributions to people into economic incentives has, in the economy, been shown to permit better ecological, economic and social outcomes.’
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