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There is a wide range of small-scale on-farm measures which increase, as main or additional impact, the infiltration of rainfall into the soil and/or the storage of groundwater. Some examples: increasing surface water levels with weirs and dams, creation of natural water retention areas, measures to increase the carbon content of the soils (increasing the water retention capacity), measures to reduce runoff (e.g. contour ploughing), measures to reduce nutrients and pesticide loads (green strips, contour ploughing). The impacts of such measures are often local and limited in time, so for impact at catchment level a broad application is required. Co-benefits may be found in flood management, in nature areas, or in the value of an area for recreation. Calculation models to support the implementation of such measures need to be able to make clever combinations of the small scale of the implementation and the wider area that is impacted, assuming that the measures are widely applied. Two JRC reports (JRC, 2012a, 2012b), which were prepared in support of the 2012 Blueprint, offer examples of such an approach.