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Legal requirements for environmental improvement

Most countries have relevant legislation on national level (in a few, also on regional level) to ensure minimum ecological flow and upstream continuity via fish passes at hydropower plants (see table below summarising legal requirements on key domains for environmental improvement).

For downstream continuity and hydropeaking mitigation, fewer countries have legislative requirements to ensure environmental improvement in this respect. Requirements for measures are rather defined in individual cases (e.g. as a condition of authorisation) and, in some countries, there is generally no relevant legislative means.

For mitigating the disruption of sediment/bedload transport, several countries have no relevant legislative means. Only a few countries have national legislation and, in several countries, mitigation measures are defined in individual cases.