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Important long term goals for the EU coastal zones are the sustainable development of coastal zones and the conservation of dynamic habitats, especially on the remaining undeveloped coast. This requires a protection, and in many cases restoration of, the natural habitats and functioning of the coastal system and hence sustaining the natural resilience of coastal zones to impacts of hydromorphological changes, such as erosion.

Anthropogenic pressures cause changes to coastal hydromorphology affecting the physical features as geomorphology and hydrological regime. Often these pressures become more obvious along with population growth, urbanization, and development of tourism and industry (Kull et al. 2006:252). Coastal defence constructions are becoming more common in European coastal zone due to sea level rise, erosion and concentration of economic activities to the coasts. Flood protection constructions have negative impacts on coasts by fragmenting continuous coastline and changing habitats (Laukkonen, 2011).