Table 3.1 Freshwater-related ecosystem services
Provisioning services Examples |
|
Food |
Fish, agriculture, |
Fuel and fibre |
Wood for fuel and building, peat, fodder |
Fresh water |
Retention of water for domestic, industrial and agriculture |
Biochemical |
Medicine and materials from biota |
Genetic material |
Genes for resistance to plant pathogens |
Regulating services |
|
Hydrological flows |
Groundwater recharge, |
Natural hazards |
Flood control, storm protection |
Sediment transport |
Distribution of nutrient rich sediments |
Marine |
Coastal delta maintenance, |
Waste |
Water purification and assimilation of waste |
Cultural services |
|
Spiritual |
Religion, inspiration, health, aesthetic |
Recreation |
Recreational activities, social events |
Source: adapted from Millennium Ecosystem Assessment et al. (2005)
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Source: adapted from Millennium Ecosystem Assessment et al. (2005a)
List seems to be incomplete as some important ecosytem services are missing. Maybe the list in Annex B in the project report from Deltares (2012) "Towards practical implementation of the ecosystem services concept in transboundary water management" is helpful. However, it should be made clear that it is not an exhaustive list.
List is restructured and extended based on several additional sources, the non exhaustivity is made explicit