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Flood relief works in general are not amongst the projects for which an EIA is mandatory. They do however require a screening by member states, in order to decide about the necessity of an EIA. For dams and reservoirs, which may play a role in flood control, an EIA is mandatory. Also for many types of projects that may cause negative environmental impacts as a consequence of floods, such as the construction of oil refineries, chemical installations, power plants and quarries, an EIA is mandatory.

Flood risk reduction measures to be implemented as part of the currently devised FRMPs are thus likely to require a screening and potentially an SEA or EIA, the results of which are to be included in the FRMP. In such cases, the two may profit from each other's databases and public consultation processes. The drafting process of an SEA or EIA may raise awareness of potential adverse environmental impacts of proposed FRMP measures and foster a creative process to devise better-balanced measures.