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4.1.1        Floods Directive

After indicating the units of management – which are, except for Italy and Ireland the same as the river basin districts under the WFD – and the competent authorities responsible for the implementation of the FD, the first analysis was done by EU Member States in the Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment The first reporting (PFRA), which were due in December 2011.

A large majority (roughly two-third) of reported events is related to fluvial flooding, followed by surface water flooding from heavy rainfall and coastal water floods. Over 40% of records are from floods for flood events from the year 2000 onwards (EC 2015a). The PFRA not only made information available about the physical flood characteristics of significant past floods like the source, mechanism and characteristics, but also about the consequences. When looking at the impacts, it becomes clear that the economic damage is reported less frequently as ‘not applicable’ than the Environmental impact. It is unclear if this is because environmental damage occurs less frequently or explained by an inherent bias in the data as economic impact were traditionally recorded in more detail (Kjeldsen, et al., 2013).