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Objectives of this report

This report aims to outline the ways European cities develop strategies and measures to cope with the key challenges they currently face for their inland surface waters (rivers and lakes) and showcase specific measures, strategies and initiatives which can serve as source of inspiration and lessons learned. For this purpose, river and lake restoration strategies and projects in European cities were screened and seventeen case studies were selected for presentation in this report.

Coping with key challenges for urban rivers and lakes

For the purpose of this report, the major challenges that urban rivers and lakes in European cities face are grouped into:

• Water availability and supply challenges
• Water quality issues
• Structural changes, related among others also to flood risk management.

For each of these major challenges, the report provides a brief review of the issues at stake, documents the key approaches followed to deal with the issues and gives case study illustrations.