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More than half of the final energy consumption in the EU occurred in the industrial sector (32%) and households (24%) in 2018 (Eurostat, 2020g). Therefore, both sectors not only consume large amounts of water directly, but also indirectly, through the energy that needs to be generated to cover their energy demand. As the energy consumption is falling across Europe (-10% between 2005 and 2016) and the less water-demanding renewable energy sources take up larger shares in the total energy mix (from 7% in 2005 to 14% in 2016), the energy production and the corresponding water consumption are generally decreasing (EEA, 2018b).